Category Archives: General Cynicism

Pancreatic Cancer Progress? or Static Flux? (Folfirinox)

Static flux is a phenomenon during which things seem to be changing but in reality are not.

Pancreatic cancer sadly has been in this state since the advent of the chemotherapy age in the 70’s. Drugs are touted with great hoopla (gemcitabine, erlotinib and others) but patients still seem to have a live expectancy of less than one year. So it was with some trepidation that I looked at news of the latest “advance” (Folfirinox a combination of 5FU, leukovorin, irinotecan and oxalplatin)

For the first time in years, doctors are making progress against pancreatic cancer, one of the deadliest of all tumors, which kills all but 6% of patients.

Patients taking Folfirinox, a novel combination of four drugs already approved to fight other cancers, lived 11.1 months — 4.3 months longer than those given standard chemo, according to a French study of 342 patients in today’s New England Journal of Medicine.

and:

A chemotherapy combination has been shown to provide the best survival time ever reported in metastatic pancreatic cancer, according to a study from French researchers.

But:

However, the combination of 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin (FOLFIRINOX) was considerably more toxic than gemcitabine in the phase 3 trial.


Survival curves from the NEJM article.

Toxicity included serious life threatening side effects in more than 5% of patients, elevated liver function tests, loss of hair, severe diarrhea, nerve damage, fatigue, and drops in all the blood counts causing anemia, risk of bleeding and infection.

Medicynical Note: Patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer, except in very rare instances, are not “cured” of their disease. In this study the median progression free survival with treatment was 6.4 months compared with 3.3 months and overall survival 11.1 versus 6.8 months in the gemcitabine group.

Even with this new finding the unenviable choice of people with pancreatic cancer is between an earlier demise by a few months or to live a little longer but with significantly more toxicity from treatment.

While an advance this treatment does not provide an order of magnitude improvement. Hopefully the results will be confirmed.




Provenge : A (small) Tree Falling in the Woods?

Provenge a new agent that mobilizes the immune system in prostate cancer has shown small effect in improving the survival of patients, 4 months median benefit. But it’s ridiculous cost ($31,000/shot) may stimulate changes in our drug review and approval non-system.

In April 2010, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved sipuleucel-T (Provenge), a novel cellular immunotherapy for the treatment of asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic, metastatic, castration-resistant (hormone-refractory) prostate cancer.1,2 The pivotal clinical trial demonstrated the benefits of sipuleucel-T: an increase in median survival of 4.1 months as compared with placebo and fewer side effects than occur with docetaxel.2 Priced at $31,000 per treatment, with a usual course of three treatments, sipuleucel-T is one of the most expensive cancer therapies ever to hit the marketplace.

Because of the high cost and limited benefit Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) are doing their own review of the drug. In part this is essential as FDA is not at all allowed to consider cost in its approval process. As noted FDA and CMS somewhat different missions:

The FDA approves for marketing and otherwise regulates prescription drugs and medical products. The CMS administers Medicare, a health insurance program for people 65 years of age or older and people with certain disabilities. The agencies’ distinctions are underscored by the legal criteria they use in making decisions regarding new medical products. The FDA evaluates the “safety and effectiveness” of drugs and devices, whereas the CMS covers medical products that are “reasonable and necessary” for the diagnosis or treatment of illness.

Read the article for a more complete review of the agencies differences. Suffice it to say CMS gets to look into the reasonableness of use of the drug as well as the cost impact.

Medicynical Note: We now have drugs costing twice the median and average income in the US that are not curative and offer only limited survival benefit.

Are such unaffordable drugs analogous to the sound made by trees falling in the woods?


Why Stitches cost $1500



From: Medical Billing And Coding

Medicynical Note: Our amazing costly inefficient health care non-system.


Guns the NRA and Kids — We Need More, and I don’t mean kids

I’m not sure on whom this reflects worse–the Florida legislature, the NRA or our rather unusual gun culture.

NRA lobbyists helped write a bill that largely bans health professionals from asking about guns. Hammer says she and other NRA members consider the questions an intrusion on their Second Amendment rights.

But physicians see this as part of safeguarding families and children.

pediatricians ask a lot of questions. Dr. Louis St. Petery says it’s all part of what doctors call “anticipatory guidance” — teaching parents how to safeguard against accidental injuries.

Pediatricians ask about bike helmets, seat belts and other concerns.”If you have a pool, let’s talk about pool safety so we don’t have accidental drownings,” he says. “And if you have firearms, let’s talk about gun safety so that they’re stored properly — you know, the gun needs to be locked up, the ammunition stored separate from the gun, etc., so that children don’t have access to them.”

Medicynical note:  500 children are killed yearly by gun accidents and 34,000 about ten 747 passenger jet-loads of people are killed yearly by guns.

The NRA is remarkably paranoid and a major contributor to our dysfunctional culture.

Drug Shortages: If a drug is inexpensive, Pharma won’t make it!

In the rush to market drugs costing $10,000 to $40,000 with questionable efficacy.  Big Pharma has stopped production of inexpensive effective agents including mainstays of treatment:

But shortages have been reported in many categories of drugs, including antibiotics, and drugs central to the treatment of many cancers, forcing oncologists to delay or alter carefully timed chemotherapy regimens.

Hundreds of drugs are involved.  For example in oncology, cytarabine an inexpensive out of patent drug which is an  essential part of curative regimens for acute leukemia is in short supply.     When needed, hospitals and physicians are forced to search for supplies, and in some instances delay and/or change treatment schedules.  Actions that can adversely affect outcomes.

Medicynical Note: It’s a travesty that health care has become  an income opportunity for industry and providers.  Patient care, access and outcomes (and value) don’t seem to be the primary concern–in this case of the pharmaceutical manufacturing people  What has happened to my profession?

The Cause of Our debt– Recessions, Tax Cuts and Wars–YES. Health Care– NO

From the Washington Post:

The biggest culprit, by far, has been an erosion of tax revenue triggered largely by two recessions and multiple rounds of tax cuts. Together, the economy and the tax bills enacted under former president George W. Bush, and to a lesser extent by President Obama, wiped out $6.3 trillion in anticipated revenue. That’s nearly half of the $12.7 trillion swing from projected surpluses to real debt. Federal tax collections now stand at their lowest level as a percentage of the economy in 60 years.

Big-ticket spending initiated by the Bush administration accounts for 12 percent of the shift. The Iraq and Afghanistan wars have added $1.3 trillion in new borrowing. A new prescription drug benefit for Medicare recipients contributed another $272 billion. The Troubled Assets Relief Program bank bailout, which infuriated voters and led to the defeat of several legislators in 2010, added just $16 billion — and TARP may eventually cost nothing as financial institutions repay the Treasury.

Medicynical Note: As noted our deficits originated in the Bush administration’s two recessions, two expensive wars and the multiple huge huge cuts given our wealthiest citizens.

Proposing to fix the problem by cutting services to the middle class and poor while cutting taxes on the wealthy even more doesn’t add up and is intellectually flawed.

That said, cutting health care costs remains a priority as spending on health is increasing at an unsustainable rate. Ryan’s proposal to ration care by wealth is flawed and jeopardizes lives. We need to make health reform work.

Health Care Costs: Deloitte Analysis

Fascinating analysis of health care costs in the U.S. by Deloitte:


Medicynical Note; Read the summaries of the study at the link provided. Amazing that health care cost/capita has increased by 26% in the last 6 years while while median family income has declined 5% since 1999. Truly a lost decade.


Rationing, The Question is Not Whether (its here now) but How

Ewe Reinhardt on rationing of care:

For reasons that escape me, many Americans do not regard rationing scarce resources through the marketplace, by price and ability to pay, as rationing at all, reserving that term for government withholding of marginally beneficial procedures, based on formal cost-effectiveness analysis.

I do beg to differ. In their well-known textbook “Microeconomics,” Michael L. Katz of Harvard and Harvey S. Rosen of Princeton, put it thus:

“Prices ration scarce resources. If bread were free, a huge quantity of it would be demanded. Because the resources used to produce bread are scarce, the actual amount of bread has to be rationed among its potential users. Not everyone can have all the bread that they could possibly want. The bread must be rationed somehow; the price system accomplishes this in the following way: Everyone who is willing to pay the equilibrium price gets the good, and everyone who does not, does not.”

Medicynical Note:  Rationing is a false argument in health care.  We ration all the time now.  The question is how to assure access and quality while controlling costs.  The U.S. arguably has quality available but neither of the others. 

NIMBY comes to health care (Medicaid Policy Choices) : “balance the budget, by cuting taxes on the wealthy and……….

The unreported soft underbelly of the American non-system of care is the increasing medicaid population which when added to the uninsured is about 120,000,000 people. (50,000,000 uninsured, 68,000,000 on medicaid with some overlap)  Astounding numbers when you consider the budgetary difficulties facing state governments and consequently Medicaid.

An article this week in the NEJM reviews the program some of the current financing problems:

Approximately 68 million Americans were enrolled in Medicaid at some point during 2010, when the program spent $406 billion on acute and long-term care services for its beneficiaries.1 Another 16 million people are slated to gain Medicaid eligibility through the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA), which would make the federal–state program responsible for financing services for more than one in four Americans. Enacted in 1965 as an afterthought to Medicare, Medicaid has become a vast public enterprise that underscores the limits of the private insurance market even as it squeezes state budgets already stretched by the recession. These realities, along with the fact that an increasingly conservative electorate has given Republicans control of the U.S. House of Representatives, raise a fundamental question for policymakers: What level of support should government provide to people who can’t afford private insurance and are not offered employer-sponsored coverage?
Another discussion in the Health Affairs Blog:

Medicaid serves the nation’s neediest and sickest patients: low-income children and mothers, the elderly, people with permanent disabilities and the poorest of adults. Despite periodic calls to privatize Medicaid, in reality it serves a population that private health insurance was not designed to serve and probably does not want to cover. What private insurance system is willing to pay for long-term care for low-income elderly or disabled people, whether through home- and community-based care or in nursing homes? What private firm is eager to cover families and children who are typically too poor to afford insurance premiums?

And:

On one hand, House Republicans are supporting a budget proposal from Budget Committee Chairman Paul Ryan to cut Medicaid expenditures by $1.4 trillion (yes, trillion with a “t”) over the next decade and to block grant the program. (It is not clear, but it looks like the plan would also terminate the Children’s Health Insurance Program.) His overall budget plan would cut about $6 trillion in budget expenditures, although most of those savings would be used to extend tax cuts for wealthy Americans and cut taxes for many other groups.

Medicynical Note: It’s hard to accept our current budget/health care situation and not look at other industrialized nations where nearly all citizens have health care coverage,  at , much lower cost.

American Exceptionalism — Health Care Costs, worst in the world

American exceptionalism, not so good:

Health spending is rising faster than incomes in most developed countries, which raises questions about how countries will pay for their future health care needs. The issue is particularly acute in the United States, which not only spends much more per capita on health care, but also has had one of the highest spending growth rates. Both public and private health expenditures are growing at rates which outpace comparable countries. Despite this higher level of spending, the United States does not achieve better outcomes on many important health measures. This paper uses information from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)[1] to compare the level and growth rate of health care spending in the United States to those of other OECD countries. (Medicynical emphasis)

Medicynical Note:  Spending more, no better outcomes.  Inefficient, poor value for the dollar, average quality, 50,000,000 plus uninsured.

Best in the world, or just the most expensive?